3-PHENYLLACTIC ACID AND POLYPHENOLS ARE SUBSTANCES ENHANCING THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF METHYLGLYOXAL IN MANUKA HONEY

3-Phenyllactic Acid and Polyphenols Are Substances Enhancing the Antibacterial Effect of Methylglyoxal in Manuka Honey

Manuka honey is known for its unique antibacterial activity, which is due to methylglyoxal (MGO).After establishing BLACK PEPPER a suitable assay for measuring the bacteriostatic effect in a liquid culture with a time dependent and continuous measurement of the optical density, we were able to show that honey differs in its growth retardingeffect o

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Inequality, Social Protests and Civil War

The following article presents a series of hypotheses to analyze the possible transitions between protest and civil war and their relation to inequality.To do so, the article presents an analysis on the emergence of protests and its relation with the increase in inequality across the world.This increase in inequality can in fact lead to social unre

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Statins and Cardiomyocyte Metabolism, Friend or Foe?

Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, and are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering treatment.They significantly reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.However, musculoskeletal symptoms are observed in 7 to 29 percent of all users.The mechanism underlying these complaints has become increasingly cl

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Early-Onset Oligohydramnios Complicated with Hypertension, Hyperthyroidism and Coexisting Elevated Urine Vanillylmandelic Acid of Unknown Origin, Mimicking a Pheochromocytoma

Objective: Oligohydramnios is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.It may be due to a variety of conditions, including rupture of membranes, fetal urinary tract abnormalities such as megacystis caused by posterior urethral valve, and prerenal abnormalities involving uteroplacental insufficiency possibly due to hypertension, a

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